• Traditionally used in Western herbal medicine:
- As a stimulant laxative to relieve constipation and reduce abdominal discomfort and digestive spasm.
- To aid natural detoxification processes and assist excretion of metabolic waste products.
- To soothe irritated tissues
- To relieve symptoms of haemorrhoids
- To decrease flatulence
- As a bitter tonic to stimulate gastric secretions
- As a cholagogue to promote bile flow from the gall bladder
• Traditionally used in Chinese medicine to:
- Remove heat toxin
- Reduce abdominal spasm
.